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Английский язык в Екатеринбурге

Вариант 6 1. Прочтите и переведите интернациональные слова: mechanical, civilization, industry, temperature, conductors, electricity, chemical, steel, characteristics, transformation, communication, construction, farming manufacturing. 2. Найдите русские эквиваленты английских слов и словосочетаний: 1. available2. mercury3. copper4.in this respect5. nature6. properties7. solid8. comparatively9. silver10. Gold11. degree12. inert13. considerable14. fabrication15. expensive a. ртуть b. дорогойc. значительный d. степеньe. свойства f. доступный, имеющийся в наличии g. в этом отношении h. серебро I. медь j. природа k. твердый, прочный l. по сравнению m. золото n. инертный o. изготовление, производство 3. Прочтите и переведите текст. Better metals are vital to technological progress Since the earliest days the preparation of metals for mechanical use was vital to the advance of civilization. Gold, silver and copper were the first to be used by a primitive man, as they were found free in nature. Today we know more than sixty-five metals available in large enough quantities to be used in industry. Metals are mostly solid at ordinary temperature and possess comparatively high melting points with the exception of mercury. They are for the most part good conductors of heat and electricity, and silver is the best in this respect. As to their chemical properties the first point to be mentioned is that they vary widely in degree of chemical activity: some are enormously active and others are inert. The Earth contains a large number of metals useful to man. Of all metals to be utilized in industry iron remains by far the most important. Modern industry needs considerable quantities of this metal either in the form of iron or steel. To get the desirable characteristics in metals or to improve them the art to mix metals and other substances began to develop. The first alloys that were formed in this way were sometimes stronger, tougher, harder and more elastic than the metals of which they were composed. To estimate nowadays how many alloys there exist in the modern world is difficult because their numbers increase daily. To serve special uses modern metals and alloys must be lighter yet stronger, more corrosion-resistant, more suitable for automated fabrication yet less expensive than those available before. Today transformation, communication, construction, farming and manufacturing all depend on the availability of suitable metals and alloys. Notes: for the most part – большей частью in this respect – в этом отношении as to – что касается by far – несомненно. 4. Ответьте на вопросы. What was vital to the advance of civilization? What metals were the first to be used by a man? Why were they used first? How many metals are available in large quantities today? What do transportation, communication, construction and manufacturing depend on? 5. Закончите предложения, выбрав соответствующий вариант окончания: 1) The Earth contains _______ of metals useful to man. a) a small number; b) a great number; c) a large number. 2) To serve special uses modern ________ must be lighter yet stronger, more corrosion-resistant, more suitable for automated fabrication. a) silver and gold; b) metals and alloys; c) copper and mercury. 3) Gold, silver and copper were the first to be used by _____. a) a modern man; b) ancient people; c) a primitive man. 4) Today we know more than _______ metals available in large enough quantities to be used in industry. a) fifty-six; b) sixty-five; c) sixty-five thousand. 6. Расположите предложения в той последовательности, в которой они даны в тексте. 1) Of all metals to be utilized in industry iron remains by far the most important. 2) Gold, silver and copper were the first to be used by a primitive man, as they were found free in nature. 3) To estimate nowadays how many alloys there exist in the modern world is difficult because their numbers increase daily. 4) The Earth contains a large number of metals useful to man.